Publications

Moxidectin combination therapies for lymphatic filariasis—36-month follow-up

Primary results from the Moxidectin for Lymphatic Filariasis Study indicated that moxidectin is superior to ivermectin for treating lymphatic filariasis in areas where onchocerciasis is co-endemic. We report here results of the final study assessment at 36 months post-treatment. The data support the use of moxidectin.

The Lancet Infectious Diseases

Facilitation as an effective strategy to reduce excessive antibiotic prophylaxis in Children’s hospitals: A stepped-wedge cluster randomized controlled trial

Ideal strategies for implementing evidence-based guidelines on antibiotic use remain unclear. We tested facilitation, a dynamic process where trained individuals support healthcare personnel, as a strategy for the de-implementation of unnecessary postoperative antibiotics. Facilitation was associated with a significant reduction in antibiotic use.

Implementation Science

Honoring Lloyd Novick's Legacy in Advancing Public Policy Expertise.

Journal of public health management and practice : JPHMP

Applying mixtures methodology to analyze how exposure to structural racism and economic disadvantage affect perinatal health outcomes: an ECHO study.

Our objective was to examine the role of structural racism and economic disadvantage in perinatal health inequities using the Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes Cohort. Participants' addresses were linked to area-level measures of life expectancy, education, unemployment, health insurance, jail rate, segregation, and housing cost burden. We created absolute measures to represent economic disadvantage and relative measures comparing values for Black or Latinx people to White people in the same area to represent structural racism. We used quantile G-computation to estimate the effects of a one-quartile increase in all exposures simultaneously on fetal growth and gestational age measures. A one-quartile increase in economic disadvantage was associated with a reduction in birthweight [(-25.65 grams, 95% CI (-45.83, -5.48)], but not gestational age [-0.02 weeks, 95% CI (-0.13, 0.09)]. With a one-quartile increase in Latinx-White structural racism, we observed reductions in birthweight [-80.83, 95% CI (-143.42, -18.23)) among Latinx participants. A one-quartile increase in Black-White structural racism was weakly associated with lower birthweight among Black participants [-15.70, 95% CI (-82.89, 51.48)] but was associated with higher birthweight among White participants [57.47, 95% CI (13.26, 101.67)]. Our findings suggest co-occurring forms of structural inequity likely influence racialized disparities in fetal growth outcomes.

American journal of epidemiology

Environmental sustainability, an essential outcome for implementation scientists to improve health.

While there is evidence of humans' harmful impact on the environment, translating such evidence into changes is challenging. Implementation science can facilitate a shift from a reactive to proactive approach in tackling environmental sustainability. This article aims to spur further discussion among implementation scientists to incorporate environmental sustainability within their research, while also offering concepts relevant to environmental science researchers seeking to apply implementation science principles.

Frontiers in health services

The Consequences of Selective Defunding of Health-Relevant Research Areas.

JAMA health forum

Changes to Family Life, Youth COVID-19 Pandemic-Related Traumatic Stress, and the Youth Mental Health Crisis.

Traumatic stress symptoms increase the risk for mental health problems. We examine patterns of COVID-19-related changes in youth and family experiences (material hardships, behavior change, coping strategies), how these patterns vary with sociodemographic factors, and how COVID-19-related experiences associate with youth pandemic-related traumatic stress (PTS) symptoms.

Journal of clinical child and adolescent psychology : the official journal for the Society of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, American Psychological Association, Division 53

Type I hybrid effectiveness-implementation randomised controlled trial to address intergenerational impact of war trauma and resilience among second-generation refugee children in the USA: Resettled Refugee Families for Healing (RRF4H) study protocol

This study aims to test an intervention addressing intergenerational trauma-related emotional and behavioural health outcomes among US-born children of refugee parents. This study adapts and combines two evidence-based interventions consisting of a family strengthening model delivered through multiple family groups and a peer mentoring programme called Teenage Health Consultants.

BMJ Open

Understanding the Nutrition Ecology and Related Distal and Proximal Research Gaps Impacting School-Aged Children's and Adolescents' Functioning-A Report From the "Biomarkers of Nutrition for Development: Knowledge Indicating Dietary Sufficiency (BOND-KIDS)" Project Working Group 2.

Nutrition is critical to the health, development, and well-being of children and adolescents, operating through nutrients and the social and physical influences of dietary behaviors. Child and adolescent growth and development depend on complex biological systems interacting with the nutrition ecology. In this review, we focus on bidirectional interactions with the multilevel nutrition ecology, including distal systems (climate, geopolitical, and food systems) and proximal systems (community food options; health, social, and food services; and school policies and programs), all mediated by the family. Thus, the impact of nutrition on children's and adolescents' functional outcomes is dependent on understanding the multilevel nutrition ecology. Interdependencies between the nutrition ecology and children's health, development, and well-being have been examined during early childhood, with limited attention to corresponding relations among school-age children and adolescents. This age grouping represents 3 unique developmental phases: primary school-age (prepuberty; ∼5-9 y of age), early adolescence (puberty; ∼10-14 y of age), and late adolescence (postpuberty; ∼15-19 y of age). The 4-paper Biomarkers of Nutrition for Development: Knowledge Indicating Dietary Sufficiency: BOND-KIDS Project series builds the evidence for why and how an ecological approach is needed to assess and interpret the impact of interventions to improve the nutritional status and functional development of children and adolescents during these 3 developmental periods. This article synthesizes the environmental evidence underlying children's nutrition and responses to interventions, with specific attention to how distal and proximal environments impact nutrition and school-age children's and adolescents' functioning, including growth, physical and mental health, cognition, socioemotional development, physical activity, and school attendance and behavior.

The Journal of nutrition